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What is the Greenhouse Gas Protocol?

Updated: Feb 4, 2023

The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol is a widely used international accounting tool for measuring and reporting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), the GHG Protocol provides a standardized approach for companies, cities, governments, and other organizations to measure, manage, and report their greenhouse gas emissions.


The GHG Protocol consists of two main components: the Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard and the Project Accounting Protocol.


The Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard provides a standardized approach for companies to account for and report their greenhouse gas emissions. This includes guidelines for identifying and quantifying emissions from a company's operations (Scope 1 emissions) and emissions from purchased electricity, heat, or steam (Scope 2 emissions), as well as guidelines for identifying and quantifying emissions from the use of the company's products (Scope 3 emissions). The Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard also includes guidance on setting and reporting on emissions reduction targets, as well as guidance on how to report and disclose emissions data.


The Project Accounting Protocol provides a standardized approach for organizations to account for and report emissions reductions from projects that reduce or remove greenhouse gas emissions, such as renewable energy projects or energy efficiency projects. The Project Accounting Protocol includes guidelines for identifying, quantifying, and verifying emissions reductions from these types of projects, as well as guidelines for monitoring and reporting emissions reductions over time.


The GHG Protocol is widely used and recognized by governments, companies, and other organizations around the world. It is also used as a basis for many national and international GHG reporting and accounting frameworks, including the Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (SECR) in the United Kingdom, and the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Standards (CSRS) in Japan.


Overall, the GHG Protocol provides a standardized approach for organizations to measure, manage, and report their greenhouse gas emissions, and is widely used and recognized by governments, companies, and other organizations around the world. It's important to comply with the GHG Protocol guidelines to ensure accurate and consistent reporting of greenhouse gas emissions.



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